Now, let us have a look at the many elements that contributed to the development of the early civilizations. Upon examination of the maps, it becomes evident that the places in which the first farming was initiated were not the ones in which the earliest civilizations emerged. A further point to consider is that while farming was established in the northwestern region of India about the year 5000 B.C., the indus valley civilization did not form until 2600 B.C., which is twenty-four centuries later. Consequently, considering the history of India, it is not reasonable to argue that agriculture is the only “cause” of civilization. In addition, a great number of agricultural communities that existed either early or late in the globe did not grow into civilizations. On the other hand, it is also possible to claim with absolute certainty that no civilization could have developed in a society that consisted of hunting and gathering, without sedentism, without permanently formed groups, and most importantly, without the ability to store food. While meat and fruit go bad in a matter of days, rice and wheat may be stored for years. This is something that everyone is aware of. Later on, we are going to talk about the significance of food that can be stored, as well as its connection to the development of the civilization that flourished in the Indus Valley. The term “civilization” refers to a period in history that occurs when a number of different tribal groups come together to form a political and economic order. This phenomenon occurs when political and economic relationships transcend the limits of individual tribes. These procedures originate from a central authority figure, whose subordinates are responsible for carrying out his directives, which should be obeyed by everyone. When compared to the way in which communal life is organized on kinship links, this is a totally different approach. In this context, we are not going to talk about the numerous hypotheses that have been proposed on the genesis of the ruler or king as a political institution. All that has to be said is that the political activities of the ruler (king) in the center are successful because they are supported by the force of societal approval. People would not comply with a mandate to join the army, construct a palace for the monarch, or hand up rent from their crop to the officers of the king unless they had either consented to it or had no other option. To put it another way, monarchs have the authority to arrange commerce, mobilize armies, and encourage the creation of crafts. Because of this, there is a significant amount of movement of people and things across the area of the monarch. Cities, often known as “urban centers,” came into existence after the civilizations of the Nile, Euphrates, and Indus rivers. Within urban centers, a significant number of individuals were employed in jobs that did not involve the production of food, such as administration, craft or scribal labor, trading, or as professional priests. scribes and seal cutters did not generate food, but they did consume it. Food was consumed by them. Therefore, there was a need for a consistent supply of food, which was supplied by the settlements. Without the ability to preserve food, authorities in such a society will be unable to carry out their duties, and cities would not be able to continue existing. Additionally, the means of transit between the hamlet and the metropolis have to be inexpensive. For instance, if a group of six oxen or donkeys were to transport one thousand kilograms of grain from a village to a city, even though it would cost one thousand five kilograms to feed the animals and their drivers while they were traveling, this would have a negative impact on the economy of the city. Consequently, we get to the conclusion that civilizations are unable to flourish unless there is (a) a dependable agricultural foundation and (b) an easy transit system that is given by nature. When you take a brief look at maps, you will see that the three civilizations that we are going to investigate are situated in valleys that are quite flat and are traversed by enormous river systems. Transport by water was far less expensive than transportation by land in ancient times. This was due to the fact that boats were buoyed by the force of the winds in the river.
I love myBlogd
